Dr Julie Norman is a Lecturer in the Department of Political Science at University College London. She is the author of four books on resistance and activism, including Understanding Nonviolence and The Palestinian Prisoners Movement. Other research interests include protracted conflict, political violence, and the intersection of human rights and security. Julie also works as a practitioner, conducting field research for the UN, EU, and various NGOs in the Middle East and sub-Saharan Africa, and she is a frequent political commentator on the BBC, CNN, and other media outlets. Prior to UCL, she was a lecturer at McGill University and Queen's University Belfast, and she has a PhD in International Relations from American University in Washington DC.