Andy is an expert on the topic of the cultural industries. He has held academic appointments at University College London and LSE, King’s College, London. He joined City University London in 2013. Andy established and was founding chair of the Department of Culture, Media and Creative Industries at KCL; and is currently Director of the Centre for Culture and the Creative Industries at City University. Andy specializes the analysis of the cultural industries globally. This research has three strands. The first focuses on the social and economic dynamics of clustering and knowledge exchange. The second strand concerns the definition and measurement of employment in the cultural, or creative, industries. The third concerns cultural governance and policy making at the national, regional and urban scales. He has developed definitions of the cultural sector that are used as standard measures of trade and employment by UNCTAD and UNESCO. Andy has made a notable contribution (textually and methodologically) to all iterations of the “Creative Economy Report’; and to the World Cities Culture Report. He has just completed the first systematic comparison of cultural employment in North America and Europe for NESTA and a report on Creative Hubs for the British Council. Andy has worked as a consultant or advisor for national and urban cultural and creative industry policy makers globally, and specifically reports for the EU, Council of Europe, UNESCO, UNCTAD, and WIPO, and the British Council.