There is an example in the analytical framework for inclusive policy that explains how the European Commission, in 2008, adopted a Recommendation on the active inclusion of people most excluded from the labour market. The Recommendation promotes a comprehensive strategy based on the integration of three policy pillars – adequate income support, inclusive labour markets, and access to quality services – taking due account of their joint impact on the social and economic inclusion of disadvantaged people and their possible interrelationships. While the number of EU member states to adopt this policy design remains small, countries such as Netherlands and Denmark have embarked on major reforms in this regard.

More details about this example can be found in Blommesteijn, M. (2013), Assessment of the implementation of the European Commission Recommendation on Active Inclusion: A Study of National Policies: The Netherlands, European Commission, Directorate General of Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, Brussels; and also in the analytical framework document.

Hopefully it goes some way to demonstrating how setting inclusion as a supra-goal and adopting a portfolio of approaches to the policy marker works in practice.

More recent efforts of setting inclusion as an overarching goal come from Malaysia, where the Government’s Eleventh Malaysia Plan (2016-2020) identifies inclusion as one of the country’s six "strategic thrusts". In addition to making it a standalone priority, the document integrates indicators of inclusion under the rest of its major areas of concern.