The National Constitution of Zimbabwe (Amendment No. 20)
In 2013 Zimbabwe adopted a new National Constitution with a section on culture. The constitution recognizes the diversity in cultural expression with recognition given to the different ethnic groups some them previously considered as minority groups:
- Promotion and preservation of cultural values and practices which enhance the dignity, well being and equality of Zimbabweans
- Preserve and protect Zimbabwe’s heritage
- To preserve and protect the dignity of traditional institutions
- Promote and advance the use of all languages used in Zimbabwe, including sign language and to create conditions for the development of the languages
In relationship to culture, the Constitution recognizes the diversity of culture. It also recognizes the sixteen indigenous languages of Zimbabwe and gives them prominence as an important form of cultural expression. The languages so recognized in the constitution are:
Chewa
Chibarwe
English
Kalanga
Koisan
Nambya
Ndau
Ndebele
Shangani
Shona
Sign Language
Sotho
Tonga
Tswana
Venda
Xhosa
The constitution also recognizes the role of traditional leadership as custodians of culture and gives them a role of leading the promotion and preservation of culture in their respective communities.
The Constitution resulted in the recognition of languages which had been accorded inferior status. Marginalised groups like those who are hard of hearing are expected to benefit as sign language is now recognized in the constitution. Some of the sixteen languages are now being examined at Grade 7 level. Traditional institutions are expected to benefit immensely from the constitution which urges the State and all institutions and agencies of government at every level to take measures to ensure due respect for the dignity of traditional institutions.
N/A. It’s difficult to determine the financial resources allocated to the culture component.